Orange Bank Co, an Amsterdam-based retail bank, seeks to acquire another European bank for expansion. The case presents three acquisition targets (Banks A, B, C) with different customer bases, product mixes, and profitability profiles. Candidates must evaluate targets on financial and non-financial criteria, ultimately discovering that two targets yield identical profitability increases but differ in strategic value.
Key Insights:
- Financial analysis alone (profitability per customer) can lead to tied recommendations, requiring deeper consideration of synergies and risks
- Scale and efficiency operate differently across organizations - smaller firms often sell more products per customer but with lower profitability
- M&A evaluation requires a multi-dimensional framework: market attractiveness, financial metrics, operational synergies, and strategic risks
- Cross-selling, cost consolidation, and brand presence are tangible non-financial synergies that differentiate acquisition targets